In vitro Plant Regeneration from the Mature Tissue of Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Direct Organogenesis

An efficient in vitro regeneration system by direct organogenesis from mature nodal and internodal stem segments of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) was developed. Illuminating conditions together with plant growth regulators affected the adventitious bud regeneration frequency and efficiency. The initial 15 d darkness inoculation is beneficial for the adventitious bud regeneration. The highest regeneration frequency (85.2%) and bud formation efficiency (3.7 per responsive internodal stem segment) were obtained in the media supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA. ABA at 0.2 mg L-1 positively affected the bud formation efficiency, which amounted to 8.5 buds per internodal segment in the presence of BAP at 1.0 mg L-1. The adventitious shoots successfully rooted and were transferred to the soil.     

烟草黑胫病菌(Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae)生理小种鉴定技术研究

在1980-1986年,对烟草黑胫病菌生理小种鉴定技术和方法进行了研究和探讨。结果表明,Nicotiana ncsophil(?),Burley21;Burley37;N.stocktonii是理想的鉴别寄主:整株接种方法优于其他的接种方法;接种物浓度以控制在相同的水平(10~3 ml)为宜。为减小生物测定的差异,所有菌系应一次完成测定。     

Influence of the Indoleacetic Acid-Lysine Synthetase Gene (iaaL) of Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi on Yield Attributes of Potatoes

The iaaL gene of Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi encodes an indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase which conjugates free indoleacetic acid (IAA) with lysine. lAA-lys is biologically less active than free IAA. The iaaL coding region was expressed under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and transgenic potato plants were produced (Spena et al. 1991). 35S iaaL potato plants are characterized by increased internodal length and epinastic bending of older leaves. In three greenhouse experiments with plants grown in pots of different size and in two growth chamber experiments tuber number increased in iaaL transgenic plants compared to untransformed and vector-transformed controls of the same genotype. The increase in tuber numbers observed under controlled conditions was reflected in tuber yield which increased in the pot grown transgenics.     

植物活体水分探测仪的研制及测试初报

利用NIM插件探测器及金硅面垒探头组装了植物活体水分探测仪;筛选并分析了仪器的最佳工作条件;检测了春小麦、玉米、苜蓿、豌豆、红豆草叶片鲜重的变化。结果表明;叶片水分随时间损失大的,其抗旱性差。叶片保水的秩序为:红豆草、豌豆>苜蓿>春小麦>玉米。     

植物叶面铺展剂的复配规律Ⅰ.SDS和TX100混合水溶液体相及表面层相互作用行为

2种典型固体表面铺展剂SDS和TX100混合水溶液,无论在其表面层或在混合胶团中两组分之间均存在一定程度的相互作用,使得以廉价的SDS为主的溶液中加入少许TX100组成的复配体系表面活性提高,在植物叶面上的润湿性能改善,并从理论上计算了其相互作用参数,初步解释了实验现象,上述结果不仅对指导优良植物叶面铺展剂配方具有指导意义,也预示了潜在的实用价值.     

不同钠浓度对白三叶草和多年生黑麦草生长的影响

白三叶草对Na 的反应比多年生黑麦草敏感.培养液中的Na 浓度从0.1mmol/L 增至0.5mmol/L 时,其干物质生产下降37%;增至2.5mmol/L 时,干重下降49%,而多年生黑麦草的干重仅降低6%.2种牧草的Na 含量均随培养液Na 浓度的增加而提高,K 含量未受影响.白三叶草的Na 含量低于多年生黑麦草,而K 含量高于多年生黑麦草.试验结果暗示,白三叶草对K 的选择吸收能力较多年生黑麦草强,但耐盐能力较差,生态适应性不如多年生黑麦草广.     

全国甘蔗野生种质资源的采集和考察

１９８５～１９９３年在全国进行了甘蔗野生种质资源的采集和考察。采集到甘蔗亚族（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｎａｅ）内９个属１８个种的无性系共８２４份，种植在云南农业大学校园内（昆明黑龙潭），建立了甘蔗资源圃。考察了甘蔗属（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｕｍ）、蔗茅属（Ｅｒｉａｎｔｈｕｓ）、河八王属（Ｎａｒｅｎｇａ）和芒属（Ｍｉｓｃａｎｔｈｕｓ）中主要野生种的地理分布、开花期、形态特征、繁殖方式、生态适应性、锤度和种质流失的情况。探明了割手密（Ｓ．ｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｕｍＬ．）和斑茅（Ｓ．ａｒｕｎｄｉｎａｃｅｕｍＲｅｔｚ）的开花期与原产地纬度和海拔的相关，探索了割手密与蔗茅（Ｅ．ｆｕｌｖｕｓＮｅｅｓ）茎秆锤度与地理分布的联系。     

沙区五种珍稀濒危植物水分生理指标测定及分析

本文在测定沙区５种珍稀濒危植物的水分生理指标的基础上，分析了其抗旱性，意在探讨适应干旱环境的特性。研究结果表明：矮沙冬青保水能力与吸水能力强，对干燥炎热的环境有很强的适应性；银沙槐蒸腾强度大，失水快，但吸水力强，补偿水分快；裸果木通过强的保水力适应干旱；绵刺以强的吸水力和抗脱水力适应环境；准噶尔无叶豆以体内水分自我调节作用适应大气干旱。     

城市园林绿化现存问题、对策及其绿化植物配置原则

随着国民经济的不断发展，城市园林绿化已成为现代建设的重要内容。在归结上前城市园林绿化所存共性问题的基础上，针对城市园林绿化普遍存在的4方面问题，提出5点对策。     

Effect of various plant factors on the expression of creeping-rootedness in lucerne (Medicago sativa L. complex)

Although agronomically interesting, selection of creeping-rootedness inlucerne, that is, the ability to form adventitious shoots on horizontal,spreading roots, remains difficult because of the complex and still unclear geneticcontrol of this character, coupled with the possible occurrence of external factorsthat affect unpredictably its expression. Two experiments were undertaken onprogenies of creeping-rooted plants, to verify previous findings and inferences,and test novel hypotheses, concerning the effect of various plant factors on theexpression of creeping-rootedness. The ultimate aim was to provide information onthe most appropriate germplasm, procedures, or indirect selection criteria, that wouldimprove the efficiency of breeding for this character. The factors here examinedincluded genotype, age, kind of progeny, vigour, spreading ability, and undergroundmorphology. Some genotypes appeared to be good donors of the character, whereasothers did not. The proportion of creeping-rooted plants increased in allcases with the plant age. Selfing consistently depressed the expression ofthe character compared with clonal propagation or crossing. It is suggestedthat the effect of age and selfing on the penetrance of creeping-rootedness ismediated through their effect on plant vigour. Both aerial and root vigour showedindeed an effect per se on the presence of the character. Beside thevigour, possible indirect selection criteria were identified in the frequenciesof swollen zones and latent stem primordia on horizontal roots. Proportion ofcreeping-rooted plants in progenies after one year of growth appeared as a simple anduseful criterion to predict future trends. Consistent with previous conclusions, theresults provided evidence that a combination of family and individualselection may enhance the character expression.